
Martinez, California · 1938–1959
The Spirit of Martinez
What a Family Kept
A butcher’s son from a refinery town. A B-17 named for the city that taught him to fly. Twenty-eight mornings over Germany, three over Utrecht with flour in the bomb bay, and a footlocker that never agreed with itself about the count.
- Combat missions
- 28
- Food drops
- 3
- Combat hours
- 208
- Men in the crew
- 9
1902–1959
Full chronologyA family archive
The family kept the objects. The institutions kept the numbers. They do not always agree.
Frank Calicura learned to fly on a strip of dragged fill his eldest brother built beside the Southern Pacific tracks, four blocks from the house of seventeen children. The Army scored him a pilot on a stanine, not a logbook. In the last winter of the European war he took a Fortress named for Martinez over Chemnitz, Swinemünde, Hamburg, and Kiel — and then, with the same bomb bay, over a Dutch field marked with bedsheets.
This site is the book that came out of the footlocker: certificates, a cartoon woodpecker, nine wallets stamped for the Pacific, a jacket with one bomb too many, and a scrapbook Joyce numbered in pencil after he came home.
Horham, 1945
The crew, under the name

Fifteen chapters
Begin anywhere
New here? Start with Chapter 9. Chemnitz. The first morning. Chapters 1–4 have a reading that stays with you as you move.

Chapter 01 · 1938–1941 · Listen
The Weight of Small Machines
A butcher’s son from a refinery town is judged competent at a small problem in moving water, on an island built to be an airport that was never built.

Chapter 09 · February 14, 1945
Mission One
Chemnitz, not Dresden. The first entry. Twenty-eight to go, though he does not know the number will change twice more before the war lets him stop counting.

Chapter 11 · March–April 1945
Borrowed Aircraft
Martinez names a bomber. For two mornings the crew flies ships that are not theirs, while the Spirit sits at Horham with her cowlings off.

Chapter 15 · 1954–1959
Uncle Sam
The builder of the Watts Towers stands in an apron in his sister’s hometown, between two of her nephews, in the month the shop moves to 700 Main Street.
Crew no. 8
Nine names on the same paper
- Frank J. CalicuraPilot · Martinez, California
- Victor G. ProbstCopilot · Yoakum, Texas
- John R. BarnesNavigator · Emporium, Pennsylvania
- Marvin L. MarkusTogglier · Kingfisher, Oklahoma
- Earle F. BogackiFlight engineer / top turret · Cleveland, Ohio
- Robert J. BrownRadio operator · Corning, New York
- Robert E. CollinsBall turret · Hutchinson, Kansas
- Dale S. ErnestWaist gunner · West Virginia
- James A. TitusTail gunner · Lincoln, Nebraska

“We should be the honored ones, in having the people at home asking us to name it after our town.”
Frank Calicura to Ray Taylor · April 1945
3 mornings over Utrecht at the end of a tour that began at Chemnitz. The wallets had been stamped for the Pacific. The war these nine men had been fighting did not relocate.